Psicodebate

Road Safety Communication Campaigns: A Critical Examination of Speed-Related Advertisements in Latin-America

Rubén Daniel Ledesma — 2024-12-01

Social communication campaigns play a key role in road safety policies. However, research in the field is scarce. This study analyzes the approaches and content involved in road safety advertisements in Latin America, with a particular focus on campaigns aimed at reducing speed. A sample of 50 advertisements from 15 Latin American countries, produced between 2009 and 2021, was analyzed. The advertisements were analyzed based on the type of approach used (emotional, argumentative, or informative), the emotions they aim to evoke, the beliefs they seek to modify (e.g., perception of vulnerability, subjective norms, self-efficacy). As a general pattern, there was a predominance of approaches that seek to evoke negative emotions, focusing on the adverse consequences of speeding (e.g., risk of injuries and deaths). The typical format of the advertisements consists of dramatizations about traffic accidents (threat). However, key ingredients for making this type of message effective are not always included (e.g., specific behaviors to address the threat). There was also a lack of innovation in exploring alternative modes of communication, such as appealing to positive emotions and values. Recommendations are proposed to improve social communication in road safety.

Cognitive-behavioural therapists training, dissemination and use of the Unified Protocol in Buenos Aires, Argentina

Milagros Celleri — 2024-12-01

For decades, cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBT) have been established as first-line treatments for a wide range of mental disorders based on research on these interventions in randomized controlled studies. Recently, within this field, transdiagnostic approaches such as the Unified Protocol (UP) for emotional disorders have positioned themselves as better cost-effective approaches that are particularly relevant in Latin American countries, where cognitive-behavioral therapists are in short supply. In middle/low income countries it has been observed that the vast majority of patients do not have access to these treatments. The aim of this study was to explore the training and use of transdiagnostic interventions, including PU, by cognitive-behavioral therapists in Greater Buenos Aires, Argentina. For this purpose, a mixed methodology study was carried out: qualitative-quantitative, exploratory, descriptive and cross-sectional, with a sample of 84 cognitive-behavioral therapists. An ad-hoc form was developed and distributed among colleagues using the snowball method. The results obtained could be used to improve the training of therapists and the dissemination of transdiagnostic treatments in Argentina, thus increasing the population's access to this set of evidence-based and cost-effective treatments.

Adaptation and validation of the Body Image Test for People with Physical Disabilities (PICDF) in a Mexican sample with amputations

Stephany Sánchez Vázquez — 2024-12-01

Amputation impacts the way a person perceives themselves, values themselves and relates to their body image. In this sense, instruments have been designed and validated from different approaches and theoretical models to evaluate the impact of amputation on body image. However, there was no instrument that would evaluate the impact of amputation of limbs and soft organs. The objective of this study was to validate, through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), the Body Image Test for People with Physical Disabilities (PICDF) in 281 Mexican amputees, through non-probabilistic quota sampling. The results confirm three factors: physical attractiveness (λ mean = .64; AVE = 0.33), functionality (λ mean = .55; AVE = 0.50) and satisfaction (λ mean = .68; AVE = 0.42). The global internal consistency (α and ω = .93) and by factor (α and ω = > .80) was acceptable. The data indicate that the PICDF is a validated and reliable instrument to evaluate body image in Mexican people with different types of amputations.

Quiet Quitting: A Nomological Network Proposal Of Antecedents, Consequences And Third Variables

Solana Salessi — 2024-12-01

The COVID-19 pandemic undermined many of the principles and paradigms that governed the world of work until 2020. In the new organizational landscape, two phenomena are particularly demanding the attention of organizational behaviors researchers. On the one hand, the elevated rate at which workers have resigned from their jobs, which is known as the "great resignation". On the other hand, the attitude of low commitment, minimal effort, and no work proactivity, which is beginning to prevail among those workers who cannot give up their job really. The latter, known in the literature as "quiet quitting" is the topic of this essay. As it is an emerging phenomenon, a conclusive body of knowledge is not yet available. This paper aims to be a theoretical contribution, providing a nomological network of quiet quitting. That is, a representation of the interrelationship between this construct and a select set of psychosocial variables postulated as predictors, consequences and third variables, respectively. In this sense, based on the theoretical foundations provided by job demands and resources theory (JDR), health and resilient organizations model (HERO), the broaden–and–build theory of positive emotions (BBT), the mediation-moderation development, and the preliminary empirical evidence on the problem under analysis, this paper proposes a series of theoretical assumptions about its antecedents, consequences, and mediating-moderating variables. This paper provides a starting point for research on this issue in the local context, offering a theoretical model for a deeper understanding of the quiet quitting and identifying knowledge gaps for future research.

Positive Traits of the Light Triad as Predictors of Job Satisfaction and Performance. The Mediating Role of Engagement

María Laura Lupano Perugini — 2024-12-01

The present study aimed to analyze the relationship between the positive traits of the Light Triad, work engagement, and work-related outcomes (i.e., job satisfaction and performance). Additionally, it sought to determine whether work engagement adds explained variance to the prediction of job satisfaction and performance beyond the positive traits. Lastly, the study aimed to examine the mediating role of work engagement in this relationship. The study included 360 Argentine employees with an average age of 44.6 years (SD = 11.4), 59.4% of whom were women and 40.6% men. The instruments used were: Light Triad Scale (LTS), Argentine Work Engagement Scale (EACT), Job Resources Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSRL-16), and Organizational and Individual Performance Survey. The analyses showed that work engagement adds explained variance to the prediction of job satisfaction and performance beyond positive personality traits. Moreover, a partial mediating effect of work engagement in this relationship was found. According to the results obtained, the importance of work engagement in the workplace is highlighted, as it enhances the effect of positive personality traits such as those analyzed by the Light Triad. Therefore, it is crucial to encourage the development of work engagement.