Los trastornos bipolares hoy: más allá del DSM–5

Gustavo H. Vázquez

doi:10.18682/pd.v14i2.353

Gustavo H. Vázquez Centro de Investigaciones en Neurociencias y Neuropsicología. Universidad de Palermo, Buenos Aires, Argentina. International Consortium for Bipolar Disorder Research. McLean Hospital Division of Massachusetts General Hospital. Harvard University, Boston, EEUU

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18682/pd.v14i2.353

Palabras clave: Trastornos Bipolares, DSM–5, Espectro Bipolar, Estados mixtos, Depresión Bipolar

Resumen

Los trastornos bipolares constituyen un complejo grupo de enfermedades mentales recurrentes que presentan una alta prevalencia en la población general. Las clasificaciones actuales, como el ICD–10 y el DSM–5, constituyen un avance significativo para su correcta identificación. Sin embargo, aún existe una prolongada latencia en su diagnóstico correcto. En el presente trabajo se describen las características clínicas más distintivas de estas enfermedades, y se discuten los conceptos generales del espectro bipolar, los estados mixtos, las diferencias entre la depresión unipolar y bipolar, y los criterios clínicos diferenciales con otros trastornos mentales.

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