¿Qué queremos decir cuando decimos “imagen”? Una aproximación desde la teoría de las funciones del lenguaje

Abstract

On revising the opposition between the concepts “linguistic turn” (Rorty) and “iconic turn” (G. Boehm and W. Mitchell) we will aim to reflect on the “image” within an extended consideration of language, understood as a general structure or system that encompasses all of human cultural activity, in the same direction, but always played with a critical spirit, of those classic postulates by Lévi-Strauss and Barthes and finally considering that beyond language, but in dialectical relationship with him, we find precisely the real (Lacan); concept which is itself revised from those proposed by JG Requena, particularly through the development of his conception of the photographic image as “trace of reality.” From these theoretical assumptions we propose a new theory that combines textual analysis or theory of text epistemology or philosophy of knowledge, so as to take into account all three functions performed in the epistemological field and epistemological language, in general, delving a little deeper into the objectives of this work in relation to what we call “image”. These three functions of language are scientific (objective knowledge), poetic (subjective knowledge) and, above all, the ideological function (which leads us to the not knowing or ignorance of the world), which is the most full of meaning and the worse theorized so far, but it has a great importance in the field of what we call education or pedagogy.