Interaction with water in nature and self-cleaning potential of biological materials and species
Résumé
La autolimpieza es una característica importante de muchas especies biológicas, ampliamente investigada en la literatura biomimética, con el objetivo de ofrecerla en materiales innovadores. Para tratar de resumir las diferentes propiedades de los materiales bioinspirados que tienen un efecto autolimpiante, se han propuesto diferentes modos de clasificación. En particular, se cita una especie paradigmática, por ejemplo, "efecto de loto", "efecto pétalo de rosa", etc., o se menciona una propiedad física, como superhidrofobicidad, supeoleofobia, etc. Este trabajo considera algunas diferencias modos en los que la naturaleza implementa la autolimpieza como una forma de interacción efectiva con el agua, dependiendo de las necesidades respectivas de las diversas especies. Con este objetivo, se ha considerado una muestra de diez especies, seleccionadas entre las que han sido más investigadas en la literatura biomimética. Luego se realiza un intento de clasificación, tratando de ofrecer información para el desarrollo de nuevos materiales inspirados en la naturaleza que ofrecen propiedades de autolimpieza en diferentes condiciones de aplicación.
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