Volver a las metáforas Darwinianas: la evolución de los artefactos Back to Darwinian metaphors: The evolution of artefacts

Silvia  Pizzocaro

doi:10.18682/cdc.vi140.5099

Silvia Pizzocaro

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18682/cdc.vi140.5099

Palavras-chave: Analogias biológicas ; Teorias evolucionárias ; Metáforas darwinistas ; Darwinismo tecnológico ; Genealogias de produtos ; Variedade de produtos ; Evolução de artefatos

Resumo

Os conceitos evolucionários podem ter grande apelo no estudo da cultura material e seus objetos projetados. Na verdade, existe uma tradição robusta no uso de analogias biológicas para entender projetos, como ocorre no campo da biônica, onde a simulação de processos vitais preconiza não apenas uma abordagem de natureza puramente cognitiva, mas, sim, um programa operativo permitindo a tradução de isomorfismos entre organismos vivos e tecnologia em soluções de design eficazes. De maneira mais geral, as ciências naturais oferecem um aparato incomumente rico para analogias a serem aplicadas aos domínios das ciências do artificial. Mas quão amplamente aplicáveis são as metáforas darwinianas? Até que ponto os conceitos darwinianos de variação e seleção fornecem ferramentas teóricas significativas para a inovação de produtos? O que eles podem acrescentar à análise de projetos de produtos? Para tanto, este estudo assume a forma de uma revisão da literatura sobre abordagens evolutivas para a análise das mudanças tecnológicas, juntamente com uma série de interpretações sobre as analogias entre a evolução natural e a dinâmica de geração de variedades de produtos.

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