Transferencia y permanencia del entrenamiento dual n-back en la inteligencia fluida y en la memoria de trabajo verbal
Resumen
Existen polémicas con respecto a la posibilidad de aumentar los niveles de inteligencia fluida y de memoria de trabajo por medio de entrenamiento en tareas complejas de memoria de trabajo. La finalidad de los tres experimentos realizados fue constatar efectos de transferencia y permanencia en la memoria de trabajo verbal y en la inteligencia fluida, a partir del entrenamiento en el programa dual n-back. En el primer estudio se evaluó la diferencia extra-grupo en el entrenamiento dual n-back luego de 25 sesiones, comparando los resultados del grupo experimental con los del grupo control activo. En el segundo estudio se compararon los efectos del entrenamiento en el programa dual n-back luego de 100 sesiones. El tercer experimento evaluó el efecto de 25, 50, 75 y 100 sesiones de entrenamiento. El último estudio consistió en medir la permanencia de los efectos del entrenamiento a los 1, 2, 4, y 6 meses de terminado el mismo. Los resultados sugieren la posibilidad de aumentar medidas de inteligencia fluida y de memoria de trabajo por medio del entrenamiento dual n-back, y a su vez la permanencia de estos efectos.
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