Escala de Parentalidad Percibida (EPP): medir psicométricamente en las configuraciones familiares actuales
Resumen
El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar psicométricamente una medida de parentalidad percibida adaptable a las configuraciones familiares actuales y a los objetivos de investigación vigentes en el área. Para ello se analizó una muestra de adolescentes (n = 443, MEDAD = 15.49 años, DEEDAD= 1.85, 50.6% varones, 49.4% mujeres) y una muestra de adultos (n = 512, MEDAD = 40.83 años, DEEDAD= 15.05, 49.6% varones, 50.4% mujeres) utilizando un instrumento diseñado especialmente para este fin. Los análisis efectuados derivaron en un instrumento (Escala de Parentalidad Percibida; EPP) de veinte elementos pasible de ser utilizado tanto en adolescentes (EPP-ADO) como en adultos (EPP-ADU) con familias de origen diversas. La medida cuenta con evidencias de validez que fundamentan su estructura bidimensional en todas sus versiones y que habilitan a estudios comparativos de los resultados obtenidos con las mismas. Además, los análisis con distintos criterios externos replican los resultados comúnmente hallados cuando se analiza la parentalidad percibida en relación con la sintomatología psicológica, el bienestar y los estilos de afrontamiento. Se proveen baremos para su transferencia al ámbito de aplicación. Mediante la EPP se pueden estudiar las dos dimensiones centrales de la parentalidad (respuesta y demanda) y su combinación en el análisis de estilos parentales tanto en cuidadores primarios como secundarios.
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