Calidad de vida laboral de periodistas: una revisión de literatura de estudios cualitativos

Rosa Eugenia  García Gómez; Patricia Josefina López Uriarte

doi:10.18682/jcs.v2i25.12810

Rosa Eugenia García Gómez Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario del Sur
Patricia Josefina López Uriarte Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario del Sur

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18682/jcs.v2i25.12810

Keywords: journalists, journalism, quality of life, quality of work life

Abstract

For societies, journalistic work represents the possibility of accessing knowledge and information, which makes journalism an essential democratic element. Journalists, like all workers, aspire to achieve a quality of life and work life quality that allows them to satisfy both material and subjective needs. The objective of this study was to answer the question: What evidence from qualitative scientific studies exists regarding journalists’ work life quality or any of its dimensions? Method: A literature review was conducted in the databases Ebsco, Scopus, Taylor & Francis, and Web of Science, using combinations of keywords in Spanish and English (Journalists or Journalist, Quality of Work Life, Job Satisfaction, Work Stress, Occupational Health, Work Environment, and Qualitative Research), with no initial historical limit and up to 2024. Eight articles were included, and the analysis was guided by the identification of participants, objectives, and research techniques used. The discussion focused on themes such as resilience and coping with work-related stressors; health and organizational well-being affected by workload; the limitation of journalistic autonomy and the resulting professional tension; and precarious working conditions and their demotivating impact on journalists.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Rosa Eugenia García Gómez, Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario del Sur

Doctoral candidate in Psychology with an emphasis on Quality of Life and Health (University of Guadalajara – CUSur). Holds a Master’s degree in Social Sciences with a specialization in Social Communication (University of Guadalajara – CUCSH) and a Bachelor’s degree in Communication Sciences (Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara). For 34 years, she has worked as a reporter, editor, and columnist for state- and national-level media, both general-interest and specialized, as well as head of communication departments in governmental and university institutions. She is the founder (2008) of the Bachelor’s Degree in Journalism at the University of Guadalajara’s Centro Universitario del Sur, a program she currently coordinates. Her research adopts a qualitative approach, addressing topics related to journalistic production within the fields of sociology and human rights. Since 2009, she has delivered dozens of lectures and workshops throughout Mexico and has published approximately twenty national and international books and scholarly articles. She is a member of the Academic Body in Consolidation CA-UDG-1085 “Literature and Journalism,” serves as advisor to state media organizations, is Vice President of the National Council for the Teaching and Research of Communication Sciences (CONEICC) in Mexico, and participates in the University Network of Observers of Media Violence at the University of Guadalajara. She is also a full-time professor at the same institution.

Patricia Josefina López Uriarte, Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario del Sur

PhD in Nutrition and Metabolism. Professor-Researcher at the University of Guadalajara, and faculty member in the Bachelor’s Degree in Nutrition as well as in the Master’s and Doctoral programs in Psychology with an emphasis on Quality of Life and Health at the Centro Universitario del Sur. Representative of the UdeG Academic Body 1051.

References

Arcalas, J. E. Y., Tuazon, J. P. L. y Opiniano, J. M. (2022). How Journalists Cope with News Work’s Stresses While Remaining Creative Amid the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Phenomenological Study. Journalism Practice, 18(1), 76–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2022.2151039

Bagtasos, R. M. (2011). Quality of Work Life: A Review of Literature. Business and Economic Review, 20(2),1-8. https://n9.cl/kph6i

Bigelow, D. A., McFarland, B. H. y Olson, M. M. (1991). Quality of Life of Community Mental Health Program Clients: Validating a Measure. Community Ment Health Journal, 27, 43-55. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00752714

Calman, K. C. (1987). Definitions and dimensions of quality of life. En N. K. Aaronson y J. Beckman (Eds.), The Quality of life cancer patients (pp.1-9). Ravens Press

Clauso, R. (2007). Cómo se construyen las noticias. Los secretos de la técnica periodística. La crujía.

El-Ibiary, R., y Calfano, B. (2022). Job Satisfaction and Social Media Use: Cognitive Reflection and Journalists’ Utilization in Egypt and the United States. International Journal of Communication, 16(2022), 4844-4865. https://ijoc.org/index.php/ijoc/article/view/18760/3922

Ferrans, C.E. (1990). Calidad de vida: cuestiones conceptuales. En Seminarios de enfermería oncológica, 6(4), 248-254. https://doi:10.1016/0749-2081(90)90026-2

Fink, A. (2019). Conducting research literature reviews: From the internet to paper. Sage publications.

Gomis, L. (1991). Teoría del periodismo. Cómo se forma el presente. Paidós.

Haas, B.K. (1999). A multidisciplinary concept analysis of life. Western Journal of Nursing research, 21(6),728-743. https://doi:10.1177/01939459922044153

Hörnquist, J.O. (1982). The concept of quality of life. Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine, 10(2), 57-61. https://doi.org/10.1177/140349488201000204

Hughes, S., Iesue, L., Fernández H., Cruz, J. y Lozano J. (2021) Coping with Occupational Stress in Journalism: Professional Identities and Advocacy as Resources, Journalism Studies, 22(8), 971-991 https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2021.1910543

Ireri, K. (2016). High Job Satisfaction Despite Low Income: A National Study of Kenyan Journalists. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 93(1), 164–186. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699015607334

Jung, J. y Kim, Y. (2012). Causes of newspaper firm employee burnout in Korea and its impact on organizational commitment and turnover intention. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(17), 3636-3651. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2012.654806

Koonmee, K., Singhapakdi, A., Virakul, B. y Lee, D.-J. (2010). Ethics institutionalization, quality of work life, and employee job-related outcomes: A survey of human resource managers in Thailand. Journal of Business Research, 63(1), 20–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.01.006

Leñero, V. y Marín, C. (1986). Manual de Periodismo. Grijalbo.

Liu, H. y Lo, V. (2017). An integrated model of workload, autonomy, burnout, job satisfaction, and turnover intention among Taiwanese reporters. Asian Journal of Communication, 28(2), 153–169. https://doi.org/10.1080/01292986.2017.1382544

MacDonald J. B., Saliba A. J. y Hodgins G. (2016). Journalists and substance use: A systematic literature review. Subst Abus, 37(3):402-411. https://doi.org/10.1080/08897077.2015.1101732

Manterola, C., Astudillo, P., Arias, E. y Claros, N. (2013). Revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura. Qué se debe saber acerca de ellas. Cirugía Española, 91(3), 149-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ciresp.2011.07.009

Marín-Sanchiz, C., Carvajal, M. y Gonzalez-Esteban, J. (2023). Survival Strategies in Freelance Journalism: An Empowering Toolkit to Improve Professionals’ Working Conditions. Journalism Practice. 17(3), 450–473. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2021.1929414

Martel, J. y Dupuis, G. (2006). Quality of work life: Theoretical and methodological problems, and presentation of a new model and measuring instrument. Social Indicators Research, 77(1), 333-368. https://doi/10.1007/s11205-004-5368-4

Martin, A. J. y Stockler, M. (1998). Quality-of-Life Assessment in Health Care Research and Practice. Evaluation & the Health Professions, 21(2), 141–156. https://doi/10.1177/016327879802100202

Martínez-Vallvey, F. (2021). Teoría del periodismo. CEF.

Molyneux, L. y Nelson, J. L. (2023). “Let’s Not Tank the Reputation of This Organization”. How Newsroom Social Media Policies Exacerbate Journalism’s Labor Crisis. Journalism Studies, 25(9), 931–950. https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2023.2263797

Najder, A., Merecz-Kot, D. y Wójcik, A. (2016). Relationships between occupational functioning and stress among radio journalists – Assessment by means of the psychosocial risk scale. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 29(1), 85–100. https://doi.org/10.13075/ijomeh.1896.00332

Nölleke, D., Maares, P. y Hanusch, F. (2020). Illusio and disillusionment: Expectations met or disappointed among young journalists. Journalism, 23(2), 320-336. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884920956820

Penteado, Z. y Gastaldello, L. M. (2016). Saúde e qualidade de vida de jornalistas: estudo de revisão. Revista Brasileira em Promoção da Saúde, 29 (2), 295-304. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=40848190019

Pérez, J. M. y Sandoval, M. B. (2015). ¿Cómo formular una buena pregunta de investigación? Estructura y redacción de la pregunta de investigación. Mediagraphic, 11(2), 74-78. https://www.medigraphic.com/pdfs/orthotips/ot-2015/ot152d.pdf

Plotner, K. y Ferrucci, P. (2024). The Harming and the Helping: Perceived Organizational Effects on Mental Health in the Newsroom. Digital Journalism, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2024.2404605

Reinardy, S. (2014). Autonomy and Perceptions of Work Quality: Drive the job satisfaction of TV news workers. Journalism Practice, 8(6), 855–870. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2014.882481

Rivadeneira, R. (1990). Periodismo: Teoría general de los sistemas y la ciencia de la comunicación. Trillas

Rodelo, F. V., Márquez Ramírez, M., Salazar Rebolledo, G., Del Palacio Montiel, C., Echeverría, M., Gutiérrez Ortega, A., Antonio Manzo, K. D., Brambila, J., Buxadé, J., González, R. A., Hughes, S. y Lemini Camarillo, J. L. (2023). Periodistas en México: Encuesta de sus perfiles demográficos, laborales y profesionales. Global Media Journal México, 20(39), 110–159. https://doi.org/10.29105/gmjmx20.39-512

Rodrigo, M. (2005). La construcción de la noticia. Paidós.

Roman, N. y Beasley, B. (2024). “Too Much Stress” for “Too Little Reward”: COVID-19 Effects on Reporter’s Workloads and Work/Life Balance. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 68(4), 622–640. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2024.2352521

Setiawati, I. y Thomas, R. J. (2024). To Quit or Not To Quit: Voluntary Turnover Among English-Language Journalists in Indonesia. Journalism Practice, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2024.2340527

Sinval, J., Sirgy, M.J., Lee, D. J. y Maroco, J. (2020). The Quality of Work Life Scale: Validity Evidence from Brazil and Portugal. Applied Research Quality Life, 15, 1323–1351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-019-09730-3

Timoteo, J. (2004). Los medios y el desarrollo de la sociedad occidental. En C. Barrera (Ed.), Historia del periodismo universal (pp. 25-40). Ariel.

Tonon, G. (2015). Relevance of the Use of Qualitative Methods in the Study of Quality of Life. En G. Tonon (Ed.), Qualitative Studies in Quality of Life. Methodology and Practice, (Vol. 55, pp. 3-21). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13779-7

Tonon, G. (2017). Estudiar la Calidad de Vida de Niñas, Niños y Jóvenes Desde una Mirada Cualitativa. En L. Mantilla, A. Stolkiner y M. Minnicelli (Comps.), Biopolítica e infancia: niños, niñas e instituciones en el contexto latinoamericano (pp. 357-368). Universidad de Guadalajara. http://www.publicaciones.cucsh.udg.mx/kiosko/2017/biopolitica_e_infancia.pdf

Tonon, G. (2022). Repensar la Utilización de Investigación de Calidad de Vida en el Campo de las Políticas Públicas. En S. Santana-Cárdenas y P. J. López Uriarte (Eds.), Calidad de vida. Aproximaciones teóricas y prácticas en México (pp. 1-8). Universidad de Guadalajara.

Zepeda Patterson, J. (2015). Libertad de prensa o la información espinaca. Folios ¿democracia sin periodismo libre?, 29, 4-11.

https://rtrejo.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/violencia-en-los-medios-folios-29-junio-2015.pdf

Journalists´s Quality of Work Life: A Literature Review of Qualitative Studies

Abstract

Downloads

Author Biographies

References