Mapping of Research on the Well-being of Older Adults in Latin America
Resumen
: Ante el rápido envejecimiento poblacional evidenciado en América Latina, el estudio sobre el bienestar en la vejez se vuelve importante y puede ser entendido como prioritario para ser profundizado en los campos de la investigación científica y social. En este artículo, cuantitativo y transversal, exploramos esta cuestión a partir de un mapeo sistemático de la literatura, utilizando el protocolo PRISMA 2020, mediante búsquedas en las bases de datos SciELO y LILACS, con el objetivo de analizar la producción científica sobre el bienestar de las personas mayores en países latinoamericanos en el período comprendido entre los años 2020 y 2025. A partir de la muestra final recopilada, de 179 artículos, fue posible someterlos a un análisis detallado de variables metodológicas, geográficas y conceptuales. Los resultados indicaron una predominancia de artículos cuantitativos (69,3%) con un corte temporal transversal (80,4%), además de una mayor concentración de material publicado en Brasil (62,6%). El tema del bienestar, a su vez, tendió a manifestarse de forma predominantemente periférica (83,8% de las publicaciones), apareciendo con frecuencia vinculado a marcos de salud y la medicina, y siendo comúnmente asociado a la ausencia de enfermedad. Se concluye destacando la necesidad de ampliar las investigaciones sobre el tema, buscando también profundizar en el estudio del bienestar más allá de las características biológicas, como recurso esencial para el envejecimiento.
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